Solar System

The Solar System is a stellar system that marks the start of humanity and its adventure into outer space. There are 9 known planets in the Solar System.

= The Sun =

The Sun (also known as Sol or Helios) is the star at the center of the Solar System. It is the basis and namesake of the units for measuring mass and radius solar mass (Msol) and solar radius (Rsol).

Name
The term "Sun" is based on the Old English word, "sunne".

Current status
It is a main-sequence star of the spectral class G2, which means that it is currently fusing hydrogen into helium in its core and its photosphere burns at a temperature of 5772 K, which gives it a white color.

1 Gy

 * 1.1 Gy: The Sun has expanded and heated up so that it is 10% more luminous than the present day. This will heat up the current prime planet of the system, Earth, so much that its average surface temperature will reach 47°C. This will trigger a runaway greenhouse effect that reduces all surface water on the planet to the poles, making it an oasis planet.

2 Gy

 * 2.5 Gy: The Sun has reached its maximum photospheric temperature of 5820 K. Its spectral class is now G0. Until the first helium flash, its surface temperature will gradually cool from here on.

5 Gy

 * 5.4 Gy: The Sun has used up all of the helium at its core, marking the end of the main sequence for the star and making it a subgiant.

7 Gy

 * 7.8 Gy: The Sun undergoes the first helium flash, causing surface temperatures on all the planets to drop. Ath this point, the Sun is now fusing helium into heavier elements.
 * 7.88 Gy: The Sun is now an asymptotic giant star, causing surface temperatures on all the planets to rise higher than ever before. The Sun is visible from hundreds of light years away.
 * 7.9 Gy: The Sun is now a white dwarf, causing causing surface temperatures on all the planets to rapidly drop again. Not much else happens at this point.

= Planets =

Earth
Earth is the third planet of the Solar System. It is the basis and namesake of the units for measuring mass and radius Earth mass (Mearth) and Earth radius (Rearth).

Minerva
Minerva is the outermost planet of the Solar System. It has a highly eccentric and inclined orbit.

Name
Minerva is the only planet to be predicted based on mathematical predictions, thus it is named after the Roman goddess of wisdom, also Minerva.